What is the primary purpose of the biophysical profile (BPP)?

The primary purpose of the biophysical profile (BPP) is to assess fetal well-being through a combination of ultrasound evaluations and non-stress testing. This comprehensive assessment is designed to evaluate several critical factors that indicate how well the fetus is doing in utero.

During a BPP, healthcare providers typically look for specific parameters: fetal heart rate reactivity (via non-stress testing), fetal movement, fetal tone, and amniotic fluid volume. The results help to monitor the fetus's overall health and can indicate if further intervention might be needed. For instance, a low BPP score may raise concerns about the fetus's oxygen supply and prompt closer monitoring or potential delivery if necessary.

The other options focus on aspects not directly related to the primary use of the BPP. For instance, measuring maternal blood pressure and heart rate is important for maternal health but does not evaluate fetal well-being directly. Understanding the mother's nutritional status during pregnancy and evaluating the need for cesarean delivery are also essential components of prenatal care but fall outside the specific focus and aims of the BPP.